Stefan Studer, the sport's top player, looks at his shot after hitting the hornuss
Stefan Studer, the sport's top player, looks at his shot after hitting the hornuss AFP

Hornussen, a centuries-old Swiss sport where a puck is lashed with a stick sending it flying at speeds of up to 300 kilometres per hour, is embracing modernity with each shot now recorded live via a smartphone app and clips shared on TikTok.

The quirky sport gets its name from the puck, known as a hornuss or hornet, due to the buzzing sound it makes as it whizzes through the air.

The game sees one side whip the hornuss with a wooden peg on a flexible stick, while the other team, 100 to 300 metres away, tries to stop it from landing using heavy, flat wooden shovels.

Each time it lands untouched, a penalty point is issued to the defending team. The team with the fewest penalties wins.

The amateur sport wrapped up its biggest event in six years earlier this month, when around 4,500 players took part in the 40th national hornussen festival.

Outside the village of Hochstetten, 30 kilometres (20 miles) northeast of the Swiss capital Bern, teams battled to win a crown of oak leaves, a ceremonial cowbell or a coveted bull's horn to take back to their clubhouses.

With 32 hornussen fields laid out over 60 hectares (150 acres) of farmland, the scene almost resembled a battlefield, with columns of players stretching to the horizon, and the day's play starting with cannon fire.

"For us, it's our Olympics," said Adrian Tschumi, president of the Eidgenossischer Hornusserverband (EHV), the national hornussen association.

"It's not just a game: it's the family, the surroundings, the party," he told AFP.

The festival usually takes place every three years, but had not been staged since 2018 due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

The sport is rare in that players of all ages and sexes participate, while individual and team contests run at the same time.

"You can play with children aged 10 or 12, and with their grandfathers who are 80. That's very special. I don't know any other sports where three generations can play together," said Tschumi.

"The magic of the sport: for me, it's the team. I like to play alongside my son," he said.

The first written record of hornussen dates from 1564, with the first known competition in 1655.

In the 17th century, it was banned on Sundays to stop people drifting away from church to play.

The sport is mainly played in German-speaking central Switzerland, with its heartland in the Emmental region east of Bern.

The EHV was formed in 1902, and though "very traditional", Tschumi said it had embraced "modern techniques, with this very cool app", whereby referees log the scores in real time.

Hornussen is also embracing the video-sharing platform TikTok, with one post by the Studen-Madretsch club viewed more than 14 million times.

Some 6,000 registered adults play, including 600 women. There are also 1,300 players under 16.

Teams need not just precise, hard hitters, but also fielders with sharp eyes to pick out the incoming hornuss, read its flight and issue instructions to those further back.

For Barbara Sommer, from the Munchenburchsee-Diemerswil club, the joy of the game is in such teamwork.

"I will never win something as a single player. But as a team, if all goes well, we have a chance," she said.

With his bushy grey beard, braces, and cigar in hand, 70-year-old Walter Stooss cuts a striking figure on the Studen-Madretsch team.

The veteran said with age comes experience, but twisting to hit the hornuss becomes harder.

"We lose flexibility, but we have to be happy with what we can still do," he told AFP.

Team-mate Caroline Schertenleib, 31, explained: "You need strong abdominal muscles. You need fast, explosive strength."

On the top teams, the players are men aged 20 to 35, athletes bristling with brawn.

Swinging like a golfer, hitters have a flexible, carbon fibre stick up to three metres long.

They whip it round so the wooden block on the end hits the hornuss.

The solid plastic puck flies off the guide rail at dazzling speeds, and rises up to 70 metres high in the air.

After the game, the teams gather in a giant tent for the convivial prize-giving ceremony, filled with cheers, beers and bull horns.

Now 54, Tschumi recalled playing from the age of 10, the nerves and the childlike sense of fun.

"The feeling doesn't change," he said.

"I love it."

A player splits the wooden end of his stick while striking the hornuss
A player splits the wooden end of his stick while striking the hornuss AFP
Using wooden shovels, the defending team tries to stop the hornuss landing untouched in the field
Using wooden shovels, the defending team tries to stop the hornuss landing untouched in the field AFP
Two rounds are played, with each team hitting once and fielding once per round
Two rounds are played, with each team hitting once and fielding once per round AFP
Team members range from children to the elderly
Team members range from children to the elderly AFP