Following years of public outcry and campaigning by American pop star Cher, the "world's loneliest elephant" was poised Sunday to embark on a mammoth journey from Pakistan to a sanctuary in Cambodia.

The famed singer and Oscar-winning actress has spent recent days at the Islamabad zoo to provide moral support to Kaavan -- an overweight, 35-year-old bull elephant -- whose pitiful treatment at the dilapidated facility sparked an uproar from animal rights groups and a spirited social media campaign by Cher.

Kaavan's case and the woeful conditions at the zoo resulted in a judge this year ordering all the animals to be moved.

"Thanks to Cher and also to local Pakistani activists, Kaavan's fate made headlines around the globe and this contributed to the facilitation of his transfer," said Martin Bauer, a spokesman for Four Paws International -- an animal welfare group that has spearheaded the relocation effort.

Kavaan, 'the world's loneliest elephant' is heading to a sanctuary in Cambodia following a social media campaign by US pop star Cher
Kavaan, 'the world's loneliest elephant' is heading to a sanctuary in Cambodia following a social media campaign by US pop star Cher AFP / Farooq NAEEM

Cher "has quite a big platform so we have really appreciated what she has done for Kaavan since 2016."

Cher recently arrived in the Pakistani capital to see the elephant before the long journey to a 10,000-hectare (25,000-acre) Cambodian wildlife sanctuary, with Prime Minister Imran Khan personally thanking the 74-year-old star.

She was due to fly to Cambodia on Sunday to be in the Southeast Asian nation when the elephant arrives.

With musical performances and heartfelt messages, Pakistanis said their final goodbyes to the country's only Asian elephant ahead of a planned move to Cambodia following a yearslong campaign by animal rights activists for his relocation.
With musical performances and heartfelt messages, Pakistanis said their final goodbyes to the country's only Asian elephant ahead of a planned move to Cambodia following a yearslong campaign by animal rights activists for his relocation. AFPTV / Muhammad DAUD

A team of vets and experts from Four Paws have spent months working with Kaavan to get him ready for the trip to Cambodia, which has included training the elephant to enter a massive metal transport crate that will be placed in a cargo plane for the seven-hour flight.

Zoo officials have in the past denied Kaavan was kept in substandard conditions or chained, claiming instead the creature was pining for a new mate after his partner died in 2012.

But Kaavan's behaviour -- including signs of distress such as continual head-bobbing -- raised concerns of mental illness.

Activists also said Kaavan was not properly sheltered from Islamabad's searing summer temperatures.

Kaavan's mate Saheli, who also arrived from Sri Lanka, died in 2012.

Rights groups and conservationists have said that the abysmal conditions at the Islamabad zoo resulted in part from the lack of legislation in Pakistan aimed at protecting animal welfare.

"There's a lot of improvement to be made," said Rab Nawaz with the World Wildlife Federation in Pakistan.

"Kaavan is just one animal. There's lots of animals in Pakistan... which are in miserable conditions."

Pakistan