Lebanon and Israel, still technically at war, kicked off a third round of maritime border talks Wednesday under US and UN auspices to allow for offshore hydrocarbon exploration.

The delegations met under tight security at a base of the UN peacekeeping force UNIFIL in the Lebanese border town of Naqura, the National News Agency said.

After years of quiet US shuttle diplomacy, Lebanon and Israel in early October said they had agreed to begin the negotiations in what Washington hailed as a "historic" agreement.

The first two rounds of talks were held on October 14 and 28-29.

Map of maritime zones of Lebanon and Israel showing disputed borders.
Map of maritime zones of Lebanon and Israel showing disputed borders. AFP / Aude GENET

The negotiations are meant to focus on a 860-square-kilometre (330-square-mile) disputed sea area according to a map registered with the United Nations in 2011.

But Lebanon has now demanded an additional area of 1,430 square kilometres further south, Lebanese energy expert Laury Haytayan said, characterising the new phase of talks as a "war of the maps".

She said the additional area extends into part of the Karish gas field which Israel has assigned to Greek firm Energean for exploration.

An Israeli source close to the talks said that, meanwhile, the Jewish state has demanded that the sea frontier be moved further north, deeper into areas claimed by Lebanon.

An October 2 picture shows UN peacekeepers patrol the Lebanese area of Naqura on the border with Israel, where both sides are holding US-brokered talks on their disputed maritime border
An October 2 picture shows UN peacekeepers patrol the Lebanese area of Naqura on the border with Israel, where both sides are holding US-brokered talks on their disputed maritime border AFP / Mahmoud ZAYYAT

"The Israeli delegation itself presented a line that is north of the border of the dispute, and clarified that no talks will be held on a line that is south of the border of the dispute," the source said.

The head of the Israeli delegation, energy ministry director general Udi Adiri, earlier this month in a letter to Energean said discussing any areas outside the initial disputed area was out of the question.

"There is no change, and no perspective of change about the status of the Israeli commercial waters south of the disputed area, including of course, Karish and Tanin" gas fields, Adiri wrote in a letter to CEO Shaul Tzemach.

On Wednesday, Lebanese newspaper Al-Akhbar quoted a well-informed source as saying the talks stood a 50-50 chance of success.

"Both sides went to the talks over 860 kilometres square, but then new lines started to be produced, after the enemy decided the Lebanese demand was a 'provocation' and in exchange granted itself the right to put forward new lines not based on any rules in international law," the newspaper said.

In February 2018, Lebanon signed its first contract for offshore drilling for oil and gas in Block 9 and Block 4 with a consortium comprising energy giants Total, ENI and Novatek.

Lebanon in April said initial drilling in Block 4 had shown traces of gas but no commercially viable reserves.

Exploration has not started in Block 9, part of which lies in the disputed area.

Israel