The NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations project (NEEMO) will send a set of diving crew to live in Aquarius underwater research laboratory located near Key Largo, Florida during October to test the equipment and operational concepts needed for exploration to near-Earth asteroids.

The 10-day mission of the 15th expedition of NEEMO (NEEMO 15) is scheduled to begin in October 17, 2011. During the week of May 9 to 15, the NEEMO 15 support team had conducted engineering evaluations in the Aquarius undersea research laboratory. The support team performed surface dives to configure and lay out test sites, including a rock wall.

NASA is using a capability-driven approach to new concepts of human exploration for multiple destinations in our solar system; one of those destinations are near-Earth asteroids. For NASA, Aquarius provides a convincing analog to space exploration, and NEEMO crew members experience some of the same tasks and challenges underwater as they would in space.

The primary objective is to test the equipment and operational concepts needed for exploration to near-Earth asteroids. This near-zero gravity environment presents a unique challenge where anchoring, tethering, and translating devices will be necessary for surface operations.

Manned deepwater submersibles acting as Space Exploration Vehicles will interact with Extra-Vehicular Activity crew members to test the efficiency of different operations.

NEEMO 15 will focus on three different aspects of a mission to an asteroid surface. The first is anchoring to the surface of the asteroid. Unlike the moon or Mars, an asteroid would have little, if any, gravity to hold astronauts or vehicles to its surface, so an anchor would be necessary.

To move around on the surface of an asteroid will require a method of connecting multiple anchors to form pathways. The best way in which to connect these anchors will be the second aspect of a near-Earth asteroid mission addressed by NEEMO 15.

Finally, since NASA's purpose in visiting an asteroid would be for scientific research, the third aspect of this mission investigated by NEEMO 15 would be different methods of sample collection.

Take a glimpse of NEEMO underwater engineering activities conducted during May:

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NEEMO engineering crew diver
NEEMO engineering crew diver get ready to install the translation tool simulator into the wall NASA
NEEMO engineering crew diver
NEEMO engineering crew diver getting ready before going under the sea NASA
NEEMO engineering crew diver
NEEMO engineering crew diver deploying translation line NASA
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NEEMO engineering crew diver doing sampling technique NASA
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NEEMO engineering crew diver doing tethering NASA
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Combined image of NEEMO engineering crew divers NASA
NASA Florida Florida NASA