The United States will reopen its land and air borders on November 8 to foreign visitors fully vaccinated against Covid-19, ending a more than 18-month ban on travel from much of the globe that separated families, hobbled tourism and strained diplomatic ties.

The decision to ease restrictions was "guided by public health, stringent and consistent," said White House assistant press secretary Kevin Munoz in a tweet on Friday announcing the new policy.

He said the "announcement and date applies to both international air travel and land travel."

The United States will allow travellers who are fully vaccinated against Covid-19 to enter by land or air starting November 8
The United States will allow travellers who are fully vaccinated against Covid-19 to enter by land or air starting November 8 AFP / Patrick T. FALLON

The new policy was quickly hailed by the European Union's ambassador in the US, Stavros Lambrinidis, who called it "important and very welcome news" and said in a Twitter post that more details were expected to follow.

In an effort to slow the spread of the coronavirus, US borders were closed after March 2020 to travelers from large parts of the world, including the European Union, Britain and China, India and Brazil. Overland visitors from Mexico and Canada were also banned.

The months of restrictions affecting hundreds of millions of people helped fuel both personal and economic suffering brought on by the Covid-19 pandemic.

Terminal 1 at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York during the shutdown
Terminal 1 at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York during the shutdown AFP / Kena Betancur

Airlines for America said its members were "eager to begin safely reuniting the countless families, friends and colleagues," adding "reopening of borders is essential for our nation's economic recovery."

International Air Transport Association (IATA) chief Willie Walsh said that "for the millions who have been locked out of the US for up to 18 months it is great news that the US will welcome fully vaccinated foreign travellers."

In August 2021, Chelsea Perry (L) and husband Garrick Perry of Calgary, Alberta, meet with friend Alison Gallant of Bellingham, Washington, at the US-Canada border, as it opened to fully-vaccinated Americans while Canadians cannot yet enter the US for non
In August 2021, Chelsea Perry (L) and husband Garrick Perry of Calgary, Alberta, meet with friend Alison Gallant of Bellingham, Washington, at the US-Canada border, as it opened to fully-vaccinated Americans while Canadians cannot yet enter the US for non-essential travel. AFP / Jason Redmond

Not all the technical and logistical details of the new policy have been announced.

But officials had previously outlined it, saying that vaccinated air passengers will need to be tested within three days before travel, and airlines will be required to put in place a contact tracing system.

US health authorities have said that all vaccines approved by the Food and Drug Administration and the World Health Organization would be accepted for entry by air.

At the moment, this includes the AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson, Moderna, Pfizer/BioNTech, Sinopharm and Sinovac vaccines.

Earlier this week, a White House source said the land border opening would happen in two phases.

Initially, vaccines will be required for "non-essential" trips -- such as visiting family or tourism -- although unvaccinated travelers will still be allowed into the country for "essential" trips, as they have been for the last year and a half.

A second phase beginning in early January 2022 will require all visitors to be fully vaccinated to enter the United States by land, no matter the reason for their trip.

The new schedule means the land border restrictions, which had been set to expire on October 21, will have to be extended one more time before the new rules enter into force, the White House official indicated.

Despite the strict border closures, the United States has not mandated vaccines for domestic air travel.

Coronavirus