Alberta Premier Danielle Smith Seeks More Autonomy From Canada In New Bill

The government of Canada's main oil-producing province Alberta introduced proposed legislation on Tuesday to resist federal laws it deems harmful to Alberta, fulfilling a controversial promise from new Premier Danielle Smith.

If passed, the bill, known as the Alberta Sovereignty Within a United Canada Act, would give the province a legislative framework to defend its jurisdiction in areas such as natural resources, gun control, and health and education.

It would also enable Alberta to refuse to enact federal laws that are "unconstitutional or harmful" to the province, the government said in a statement.

However, the act will not allow Alberta to ignore court orders or do anything that contravenes the Canadian constitution, and is not meant to be a precursor to Alberta separating from the rest of Canada, the government added.

"The Alberta Sovereignty Within a United Canada Act will be used as a constitutional shield to protect Albertans from federal overreach that is costing Alberta's economy billions of dollars each year in lost investment and is costing Alberta families untold jobs and opportunities," Smith said.

Introducing a Sovereignty Act was a flagship promise in Smith's successful United Conservative Party (UCP) leadership bid that appealed to right-wing Albertans, particularly in rural areas. The bill is expected to become law because the UCP have a majority in Alberta's legislative assembly.

Alberta has long had a strained relationship with Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's Liberal government in Ottawa, stemming from a sense that the federal government's climate polices are damaging Canada's oil and gas industry.

Trudeau avoided commenting directly on the Sovereignty Act when asked by reporters on Tuesday.

"I'm just going to stay focused on the things that matter to Albertans whether it's affordability, whether it's creating jobs, whether it's working constructively to fight climate change and grow a better a future," Trudeau said in Ottawa.

Smith became premier in early October and promised to introduce the Sovereignty Act as her first piece of legislation.

However, many legal experts have warned it would be unconstitutional and struck down in court, and last week Alberta's First Nations, which are semi-autonomous indigenous groups who exercise some control over their own lands, issued a joint statement condemning the proposed act.

The government said nothing in the proposed act undermines any existing treaties with First Nations.