A strong earthquake with a magnitude of 6.6 struck China's remote northwestern Qinghai province early Saturday, the US Geological Survey said.

The epicentre of the quake, which struck at about 1:45 am (1745 GMT) at a shallow depth of 10 kilometres (six miles), was located about 140 kilometres north-northwest of the city of Xining, US seismologists said.

A 5.1-magnitude aftershock followed about 25 minutes later, USGS said.

The China Earthquake Networks Center put the magnitude at 6.9, according to the state news agency Xinhua.

A strong earthquake with a magnitude of 6.6 struck China's remote northwestern Qinghai province
A strong earthquake with a magnitude of 6.6 struck China's remote northwestern Qinghai province AFP / Simon MALFATTO

"There is a low likelihood of casualties," USGS said in its assessment of the quake, adding that there however was a likelihood of "significant damage".

The US agency warned that "the population in this region resides in structures that are highly vulnerable to earthquake shaking, though some resistant structures exist".

The sparsely populated province is spread across the Tibetan plateau.

In 2010, a 6.9-magnitude quake in Qinghai left 3,000 people dead or missing.