Muslims in South Asia vented their fury at France on Friday and torched an effigy of President Emmanuel Macron over his recent remarks on Islam, with tens of thousands flooding the streets.

Smaller anti-France protests also took place in the Middle East after Macron's defence of the right to publish controversial cartoons of the Prophet Mohammed -- a position that has sparked anger across the Muslim world.

Anti-Macron protest held in Bangladesh
Anti-Macron protest held in Bangladesh AFPTV / Sam JAHAN

France has been on edge since the beheading this month of a teacher in a Paris suburb for showing pupils the cartoons, repeatedly published by satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo, in a class on free speech.

On Thursday a 21-year-old Tunisian suspected jihadist brutally killed three people at a church in the southern French city of Nice, further raising tensions across France.

Macron's comments have prompted denunciations from several Muslim countries
Macron's comments have prompted denunciations from several Muslim countries AFP / Farooq NAEEM

Huge crowds took to the streets of Dhaka to condemn the French leader after Friday prayers -- the Bangladeshi capital's second anti-France protest in five days.

"We are all soldiers of Prophet Mohammed," the crowd chanted as demonstrators called for a boycott of French goods and some burned an effigy of Macron.

Police said 12,000 people took part in the rally, though independent observers and organisers claimed more than 40,000 marched in Dhaka. Smaller crowds gathered outside hundreds of mosques elsewhere in the capital and around the country.

Around 2,000 people in Islamabad marched towards the French embassy
Around 2,000 people in Islamabad marched towards the French embassy AFP / Farooq NAEEM

"France is insulting the world's two billion Muslims. President Macron must apologise for his crimes," said Gazi Ataur Rahman, a senior leader of Islami Andolan Bangladesh, one of the political parties that called the protests.

Around 10,000 people marched through Karachi, Pakistan's biggest city, after Friday prayers in what was organised as a procession to mark the Prophet's birthday, but which was charged with anti-France anger.

Some demonstrators in Dhaka burned an effigy of French President Emmanuel Macron
Some demonstrators in Dhaka burned an effigy of French President Emmanuel Macron AFP / Munir Uz zaman

Another rally in Pakistan's capital grew rowdy, with stones thrown at police and tear gas fired to control the crowds.

Around 2,000 protesters in Islamabad marched towards the French embassy, pushing aside shipping containers that had been placed to block their path.

Police fired tear gas to control crowds in Pakistan's capital
Police fired tear gas to control crowds in Pakistan's capital AFP / Farooq NAEEM

The crowd shouted "expel the French dog" and "behead the blasphemous" but were prevented from reaching the embassy by further guarded barricades.

IMAGESProtesters gather outside a mosque in the Bangladeshi capital Dhaka after Friday prayers, burning an effigy of French President Emmanuel Macron. He has vowed to take the fight to religious radicals after the October 16 beheading of a history teacher
IMAGESProtesters gather outside a mosque in the Bangladeshi capital Dhaka after Friday prayers, burning an effigy of French President Emmanuel Macron. He has vowed to take the fight to religious radicals after the October 16 beheading of a history teacher by an extremist for having shown pupils cartoons of the Prophet Mohammed during a lesson on free speech. AFPTV / Sam JAHAN

"How dare they disrespect our prophet? As a Muslim I am ready to sacrifice my head for the Prophet's honour," said Rasheed Akbar, 34, a trader who joined the crowd.

Small protests were also held in Afghanistan, with thousands in the western city of Herat shouting "Death to France! Death to Macron!".

In the Lebanese capital Beirut, around 200 people protested against Macron at a rally organised by an Islamic group, and some young men clashed with police.

"France is in crisis because of Macron," read a sign held up by a protester. Another said "Islam is dear" to us.

Thousands of Palestinians rallied in Jerusalem's Old City after Friday prayers at Al-Aqsa Mosque, Islam's third holiest site, chanting "there is no God but God, Macron is the enemy of God".

Al-Aqsa prayer leader Sheikh Ekrima Sabri said during his sermon that Macron should be held accountable "for the acts of violence and chaos in France because of his provocative statements against Islam".

"We tell the enemies of Islam... the light of Allah will cover up your words," Sabri added.

Hundreds of Palestinians also demonstrated across the Israeli-occupied West Bank and in the blockaded Gaza Strip, with portraits of Macron torched and trampled, AFP journalists reported.

In the Libyan capital Tripoli, protesters trampled the French flag as Libyan television stations broadcasted live rallies from across the North African country and talk shows with Muslim clerics condemned "attacks against the Prophet".

Macron's comments have prompted denunciations from several Muslim countries.

Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan has accused the French president of attacking the Muslim faith and urged Muslim countries to work together to counter what he called growing Islamophobia in Europe.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's office vowed to take "legal and diplomatic action" over another Charlie Hebdo cartoon, which depicted Erdogan looking up a woman's skirt while drinking beer in his underpants. Turkey's NTV broadcaster said Ankara had summoned a senior diplomat from the French embassy.

Iran's supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei called Macron's defence of cartoons depicting the Prophet a "stupid act" and an "insult" to those who voted for him.